[PDF Safety of Recreational Scuba Diving in People with Type 1 Diabetes For Free

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BackgroundMeethi Zindagi a non profit organization working for the development and support of type 1 diabetics in Pakistan. We organized a scuba diving event at the Churna Island, Karachi, for people with type 1 diabetes.AimsTo track blood glucose fluctuations, food consumption and insulin modifications in people with type 1 diabetes, before, during and after diving. Also to validate, with these adjustments, well-controlled, non-complicated diabetics can safely perform scuba diving without any hazards.MethodTen people with non-complicated and well controlled (mean HbA1c: 7.1 %) type 1 diabetes participated in the study with prior training and guidance. Capillary blood glucose was checked at several times throughout the day before, during and after the dives following the protocol set by Australian Diabetes Society[1]. Strict corrective measures were undertaken to bring blood glucose in safe ranges whenever necessary to prevent hypoglycemia. All the participants had the same breakfast and lunch set by a dietician and diabetes educator. Every individual dived once and blood sugar charts were maintained separately. The maximum depth of the dive was 25 meters.ResultsMean blood glucose was 196.4 mg/dL, 201.7 mg/dL and 212.9 mg/dL at 1 hour, 30 minutes and just before diving respectively. Only one case of hypoglycemia was reported one hour after the dive of 66mg/dL which was corrected with 15 g of short and long acting carbohydrates. The mean blood glucose after 1 and 2 hours of dive was 202 mg/dL and 202.3 mg/dL respectively. Mean post-dive blood glucose was 214.2 and 174 mg/dL after 3 hours and 5 hours of completing the dive.DiscussionThe results of our study are in accordance to previously held studies around the world [2,3], which allow insulin dependent diabetics to scuba dive under proper adjustments to their insulin dosage, food intake and blood glucose tracking. According to our findings, pre-dive blood glucose should be in 180-250 mg/dL range. There appears to be no significant additional risk of hypoglycemia underwater while respecting these guidelines.References[1] Kyi M, Paldus B, Nanayakkara N, Bennett M, Johnson R, Meehan C, Colman P. Insulin-requiring diabetes and recreational diving: Australian Diabetes Society position statement. Diving and diabetesu2013ADS position statement. 2016.[2] Dear G, Pollock NW, Uguccioni DM, Dovenbarger JA, Feinglos MN, Moon RE. Plasma glucose responses in recreational divers with insulin-requiring diabetes.[3] Lormeau B, Sola A, Tabah A, Chiheb S, Dufaitre L, Thurninger O, Bresson R, Lormeau C, Attali JR, Valensi P. Blood glucose changes and adjustments of diet and insulin doses in type 1 diabetic patients during scuba diving (for a change in French regulations). Diabetes & metabolism. 2005 Apr 1;31(2):144-51.

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